The development of ocular disease is dependent within the parasite weight, the sponsor immune response to the parasites, and migration of the larva. the ELISA test were 91.5% (65 / 71) and 91.0% (152 / 167), respectively. The positive predictive value of the serum anti-IgG assay was 81.3%. Among individuals with anterior, intermediate, posterior, and panuveitis, the prevalence rates of OT were 8.3%, 47.1%, 44.8%, and 7.1%, respectively; the seropositivity percentages were 18.1%, 47.1%, 43.7%, and 17.9%; and the positive predictive ideals were 38.5%, 95.8%, 92.1%, and 40.0%. The serum anti-IgG titer also significantly decreased following albendazole treatment. Conclusions OT is usually a common cause of intraocular inflammation in the tertiary hospital setting. Considering that OT is usually more prevalent in intermediate and posterior uveitis, and that the positive predictive value of the anti-IgG assay is usually high, a routine test for anti-IgG might be necessary for Korean patients with intermediate and posterior uveitis. or larvae [1]. The development of ocular disease is dependent around the parasite load, the host immune response to the parasites, and migration of the larva. Toxocariasis can present clinically as ocular toxocariasis (OT), visceral toxocariasis, or covert toxocariasis [2]. OT occurs when larvae migrate through the bloodstream into the posterior compartment of the eye [3]. In general, OT is usually definitively diagnosed by direct demonstration of worms, larvae, or eggs following biopsy of infected sites. However, it is both difficult and risky to obtain a suitable biopsy specimen from eyes infected with OT. Therefore, the diagnosis of OT is currently based on serologic assessments and clinical findings [4]. OT is usually Faropenem sodium clinically diagnosed based on the following: (1) common clinical findings of OT, such as granuloma formation; (2) positive serologic results; and (3) exclusion of other ocular granulomatous diseases, such as ocular toxoplasmosis, sarcoidosis, ocular tuberculosis, and other fungal contamination. Typical clinical features of OT include the presence of a peripheral granuloma (a focal, white peripheral nodule with pigmented scarring or traction retinal detachment), posterior pole granuloma (a focal, white nodule with or without posterior pole variable pigmentation), or nematode endophthalmitis (diffuse intraocular inflammation and serology results only positive for larva antigen, is currently used Rabbit Polyclonal to OAZ1 for serologic diagnosis of OT [6]. However, a differential diagnosis of OT in patients with uveitis of unknown etiology is sometimes challenging, and the interpretation of the results obtained from the ELISA test is not usually simple. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of an ELISA test for anti-IgG for OT in patients with uveitis for which they frequented a tertiary hospital in Korea. Materials and Methods Patients All aspects of the research protocol were in compliance with the Declaration of Helsinki. The institutional review board of Seoul National Faropenem sodium University Bundang Hospital (SNUBH) approved this study. The medical records of 241 consecutive patients with active intraocular inflammation of unknown etiology who frequented SNUBH between January 2010 and June 2012 were retrospectively reviewed. These patients were screened with serum anti-IgG ELISA, and other laboratory studies were conducted to identify the cause of uveitis. A complete blood count, total serum IgE level, serum angiotensin converting enzyme level, rheumatoid factor, and human leukocyte antigen-B51 and B27 measurements were obtained. Other serologic assessments were also performed including toxoplasma antibody test, fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption test, venereal disease research laboratory test, and interferon gamma release assay. Radiologic examination involving plain radiographs of either the chest or the pelvis was conducted to rule out other causes of ocular inflammation, including granulomatous uveitis due to sarcoidosis and tuberculosis. Computed tomography scans of the stomach and chest were performed in selected patients with abnormal findings on simple radiography. Slit lamp and fundus examinations, optical coherence tomography, and fluorescein angiography were also carried out, and these results were evaluated by two experienced retinal specialists (SJW and KHP). We diagnosed OT based on (1) common clinical findings; (2) ancillary laboratory assessments, such as total serum IgE level and eosinophil count; and (3) exclusion of other intraocular granulomatous disease. Three patients were excluded because differentiation between OT and ocular toxoplasmosis was not possible. Therefore, the final analyses included 238 total patients. The participants were questioned about generalized symptoms, including fever, night sweats, pulmonary Faropenem sodium or extrapulmonary symptoms, weight loss, and lower back pain; contact with dogs or cats; and consumption of raw meat. Serum anti-IgG.